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Long before today's pharmaceutical giants dominated production lines, early chemists and industrial scientists searched for better emulsifiers from the natural world. From the late 19th century, interest grew in sorbitan-based esters, which offered more stability and fewer allergens than animal-based products. Oleic acid, mostly extracted from olive oil and other seed oils, formed the heart of this search. Combined with the polyol sorbitan, the result gave the world a surfactant that elevated possibilities: Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan. The pharmaceutical journey for this compound really picked up in the mid-20th century as regulatory bodies tightened demands for safety and purity. British Pharmacopoeia (BP), European Pharmacopoeia (EP), and the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) standards now anchor the manufacturing side, ensuring every batch meets specific criteria for therapeutic use. Once a low-profile emulsifier in minor ointments or creams, the half oleate ester now finds itself referenced in patent filings, safety dossiers, and pharma procurement hubs. Its adoption mirrors broader pharmaceutical trends—clarity about raw material sourcing, a move toward plant-based chemistry, and unwavering focus on patient safety.
What stands out about Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan is its dual identity. It acts as a bridge between water-loving (hydrophilic) and oil-loving (lipophilic) ingredients, making it invaluable as an emulsifier and solubilizer, especially in complex pharmaceutical or cosmetic preparations. Its semi-oleate structure means not every hydroxyl group in sorbitan gets esterified, giving it unique surface-active strengths unmatched by more basic emulsifiers. Pharmaceutical companies chase compounds with balanced HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) numbers; this product strikes right in that sweet spot. A pharmaceutical formulation lives or dies by its excipients, and with the safety records it holds, Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan comfortably enters sensitive zones, from pediatric suspensions to topical creams. It is also popular in sterile injectable preparations, thanks to the BP, EP, and USP endorsements that give QA teams fewer regulatory headaches. As a result, it isn’t just another line item in an ingredient list. It props up stability, efficacy, and overall product quality that doctors and patients rely on.
Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan comes as a viscous liquid or waxy solid at room temperature, with a faint yellowish tinge and a slight odor typical of natural fats. Solubility varies—readily blending with oils while dispersing in water under agitation. Its chemical stability across broad pH and temperature ranges gives it an edge where less robust emulsifiers fall apart under harsh conditions. The acid value usually stays below 10 mg KOH/g, indicating minimal free fatty acid presence, while saponification values reflect precise manufacturing control. A molecular weight around 430–450 Da seems modest, but it’s this balance that allows interaction with both protein-rich and fat-rich formulations. Its HLB typically sits between 4.3 and 8.6, varying based on the oleate content and degree of esterification. This flexibility brings out its versatility, supporting everything from aqueous gels to water-in-oil creams. It resists oxidation better than straight-up fatty acids, so shelf life extends comfortably, reducing spoilage risks.
Manufacturers print technical data sheets with clarity, as pharmacists and regulators expect traceability for every batch. Appearance, density (usually near 1.02 g/cm³), viscosity at 25°C, color index (as per USP), and odor form the backbone. Laboratories assay for ester content, check pH in a 5% aqueous solution, assess peroxide levels, and screen for residual solvents per ICH Q3C guidelines. Proper labeling carries more than just batch and lot numbers. There’s a legal requirement for listing compendial conformity (BP/EP/USP marks), date of manufacture, expiry, storage conditions, and even the plant source of the oleic acid. Pharmacopeial tests often include microbial limits and heavy metal residues below 10 ppm. A solid manufacturer shares not only Certificates of Analysis but traceability files on raw materials, non-GMO statements, and allergen status to satisfy the needs of global buyers and pharmacovigilance requirements. End-user confidence stems from this transparency. In my experience reviewing product inserts, nothing builds trust faster than clean, complete data.
At its core, the process relies on precision and high-quality feedstocks. Sorbitan, created by selective dehydration of sorbitol, undergoes a controlled esterification reaction with oleic acid under high temperatures and vacuum, usually in the presence of mild acid or base catalysts. Avoiding over-esterification forms the “half” structure, which preserves those critical free hydroxyl groups. Deodorization and vacuum stripping remove volatile byproducts. Multiple filtration steps eliminate particulates, resulting in a clear, homogeneous product. Food-grade or pharma-grade raw materials go in, and the entire process unfolds in stainless steel reactors to avoid contamination. Each reactor batch gets samples pulled for in-process controls. Titrations confirm acid and saponification values, while FTIR and GC/MS ensure the right ester profile. Operators adhere to cGMP protocols every step of the way. Clean-in-place (CIP) systems clean reactors between batches to stop cross-contamination, which regulatory auditors focus on during plant visits.
Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan carries a structure that welcomes further modification. Its remaining hydroxyls open doors for subsequent reactions, such as ethoxylation, which creates polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters (better known as Polysorbates like Tween 80). The parent compound shows strong resistance to hydrolysis and oxidation under normal handling, limiting unwanted breakdown in storage and use. In pharmaceutical research, this base structure allows development chemists to tweak molecular “handles” for better compatibility with drug actives, or to improve delivery. Chemical suppliers sometimes tweak the fatty acid ratio or purity, depending on customer functional requirements, but always within compendial limits.
Common synonyms crop up across regulatory and supply chain documents. "Sorbitan monooleate" typically indicates complete monoesterification, while "half oleate" often surfaces for the partial esterification seen in this product. Some trade names include Arlacel 80, Span 80 (usually fully-esterified forms, watch out for confusion), and others like Sorbitan Oleate Half-Ester under generic umbrella catalogs. Pharmacopeial references distinguish product grades with precise codes. Practitioners and formulators need to sift through the nomenclature maze to pinpoint the pharma-standard grade, steering clear of technical- or food-grade batches.
A pharma excipient must ace its safety dossier, both in acute and chronic exposure studies. Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan scores high—its LD50 in animal models stands well above the dosages found in therapeutic settings, and human studies rarely report allergic or irritant responses. Occupational health in production follows standard PPE, ventilation, and spill protocols; the chief hazards come from hot reactor equipment, not the substance itself. Regulatory agencies set stringent migration and residue thresholds, especially for injectable or inhaled formulations, where any leachable could present risk. Facilities running this product for pharma must comply with ICH Q7 (cGMP for APIs), regular self-inspection, and rigorous deviation management systems. Safety Data Sheets (SDS) spell out exact handling, spill, and first aid instructions for every recipient in the chain, from plant mixers to pharmacists in compounding pharmacies.
Versatility puts Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan on high rotation in pharma labs and manufacturing floors. As an emulsifier, it anchors creams and lotions, keeping oily actives evenly dispersed. In injectables and oral suspensions, it helps solubilize and stabilize actives that struggle in water. It holds particular value in ophthalmic, pediatric, and dermatological prep, where the bar for safety sits highest. Beyond human medicine, veterinary product developers adopt it for similar needs—stable, well-dispersed actives, and low risk of hypersensitivity in animals. In quality assurance meetings I’ve attended, this ingredient’s reputation for delivering reliable consistency wins accolades from both frontline pharmacists and regulatory affairs teams.
Many R&D departments keep Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan at arm’s reach for formulation troubleshooting projects. Its intermediate polarity lets it interact well with a wide set of APIs, reducing the risk of drug crystallization or phase separation over shelflife. Recent years saw studies exploring its ability to serve as a carrier for nano- and micro-particle drugs; researchers also probe its interaction with new biological drugs, aiming to manage protein aggregation or improve absorption in tricky routes like transdermal patches or oral mucosal films. Patent filings mention new combinations with PEGylated compounds or bioadhesive polymers, opening up avenues for next-generation drug delivery. Some university groups also dig into its role in forming stable vesicles and micelles—structures key to controlled release formulations. In every conference room debate about “fixing” a batch-lot that failed dissolution or stability, someone almost always proposes a trial run with this excipient. Its track record backs up that reputation.
Extensive toxicology records stack up decades of evidence. In vivo studies in rats and rabbits report low dermal and oral toxicity, with no mutagenic or teratogenic effects at doses thousands of times greater than those found in finished medicines. Chronic administration studies track metabolic fate, confirming rapid elimination and little bioaccumulation. Patch tests on human volunteers rarely give more than mild, transient irritation—the same level one might expect from a gentle soap. Regulatory filings for parenteral formulations require full impurity profiling and metabolic pathway charts, and Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan always clears the hurdles, often receiving Class 3 (low toxicological concern) assignment for residual solvent classification per ICH Q3C. Allergist and dermatologist boards monitor case reports, but across practitioner literature, sensitization risk stays low enough for green-lighting use in hypoallergenic and pediatric lines.
Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan’s trajectory seems far from capped. As pharma moves deeper into biologics, specialty APIs, and personalized medicine, this legacy emulsifier packs enough flexibility to support next-gen delivery systems. Clean-label and plant-based demands from both patient advocacy boards and regulatory agencies keep pushing industry toward “known-safe” excipients sourced from renewables—right up this product’s alley. There is also momentum behind richer digital traceability and block-chain batch tracking, giving new layers of confidence to doctors and patients alike. Customized modification—tailoring the esterification or blending with PEG—may soon open more doors in targeted drug delivery and smart-release technologies. Ongoing collaboration with university research groups and public-private partnerships could unlock deeper understanding of its interactions at the nano and cellular level. Every step forward for Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan hitches on the rock-solid foundations laid by its history and safety record, while the next generation of pharma science keeps reaching for ever-better ways to deliver care.
Folks dealing with medication development often hear about Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan, sometimes under trade names or just as a key excipient. Why does this particular compound matter so much? My interest in chemistry and years following the pharma industry taught me that small-details like excipients turn drug delivery from theoretical to practical, and this one fits right into that story.
At its core, Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan comes from sorbitan — a sugar alcohol found in nature — combined with oleic acid, a fatty acid most people encounter through olive oil. This blend doesn’t make its way into medications for flavor or show; it serves an actual technical purpose. It acts as an emulsifier or surfactant, meaning it helps oil and water-based ingredients mix. With a structure allowing both oil- and water-loving ends, this chemistry solves the age-old issue of separating layers in creams, ointments, and liquid medicines. Anyone who tried to mix oil and water knows how stubborn separation can be, and in medicine, that’s more than an inconvenience — it’s a threat to consistent dosing.
Pharmaceutical companies rely on ingredients like Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan to ensure medicines stay mixed and stable for long periods. Picture a steroid cream, an antibiotic suspension, or a vitamin syrup — the active part only works if each spoonful, drop, or dab delivers the intended amount. I remember seeing how, without proper emulsifiers, some medications in hot climates used to spoil or separate, making storage and use a headache for clinics in rural areas. By holding the medicine together, this ingredient actually improves health outcomes, especially in parts of the world where refrigeration isn’t guaranteed.
Using Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan under pharma-grade specifications means tight controls over impurities, consistency, heavy metals, and residual solvents. This isn’t just about following regulations. Patients take these products in delicate conditions — oncology, pediatrics, elderly care, or chronic disease management. Unwanted byproducts or inconsistent batches could trigger allergic reactions or impact the medicine’s safety. Manufacturers using BP, EP, or USP grades send a clear signal that they value patient safety, using standardized batches vetted by international pharmacopeias.
Interest in this ingredient has increased as more complex medicines roll out. Biologics, vaccines, high-dose antimicrobials, and even cannabis-based pharma need reliable emulsifiers for both stability and delivery. The move toward minimally invasive formulations — think patches, gels, dissolving films — creates challenges traditional excipients can’t always solve. Here, sorbitan esters like this one fill in the gaps by staying stable across wider temperature ranges, resisting degradation, and keeping actives suspended.
Pandemic disruptions shined a light on how reliable supply of pharma-grade ingredients matters as much as new drug molecules. Companies and governments began reevaluating where ingredients are sourced, tracking back to chemicals like Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan. It’s not just a line on an ingredient list; it’s something labs, manufacturers, and regulatory bodies must agree is up to global standards. Focusing on transparent sourcing, regular quality testing, and communication between partners in the supply chain brings much-needed confidence back to both producers and end-users.
Innovators are tweaking sorbitan ester compositions, chasing even better performance, lower toxicity, and sources that reduce the pharmaceutical industry’s environmental impact. Engineers focus on plant-based oleic acid or new catalytic processes that avoid harmful solvents. As regulations tighten, focusing on pharma-grade surfactants moves from an afterthought to an active selling point — and for good reason: every drop in a vial or dab in a cream touches someone’s life, often in their most vulnerable moments.
I’ve spent enough time in the pharmaceutical supply chain to recognize the pressure companies face every time a new excipient comes up for discussion. A lot of folks overlook the supporting ingredients because they don’t feel as critical as the main active, yet something as specialized as Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan is an example that proves otherwise. Used for emulsification, stabilization, and sometimes as a solubilizing agent, this compound finds its way into creams, ointments, and occasionally oral suspensions. What’s interesting is how its quality and performance hinge directly on the standards it meets.
The specifications laid out by BP (British Pharmacopoeia), EP (European Pharmacopoeia), and USP (United States Pharmacopeia) lay down the ground rules. Looking through batch certificates or talking shop with QA experts, you’ll always see focus on appearance, acid value, saponification value, hydroxyl value, water content, and heavy metals. Each parameter isn’t just there for show. If the color shifts from its standard pale yellow, or if there’s the faintest foreign odor, technicians need to investigate immediately. For reference, an acid value typically runs below 8 mg KOH/g, which keeps the risk of irritation to a minimum—the sorts of numbers that save headaches and regulatory delays later.
Packing plants and clean rooms rely on excipients with high purity levels because any impurity slips into the end-product. I’ve heard from pharmacists who received poorly filtered ingredients and had to recall batches—they learned to ask for a certificate showing impurities like heavy metals below 10 ppm, or even stricter. Residual solvents? The tests check for traces to be within the lowest thresholds possible, usually under 0.2% for volatile matter because patients shouldn’t be exposed to anything unnecessary.
Pharma grade means strictly limited microbial contamination. Manufacturers run tests for total aerobic microbial counts, yeasts, and molds. Some go further, screening for pathogens such as Salmonella or E. coli. For injectables, the standards demand almost sterile properties, below 100 CFU/g at most. If you’ve seen drug recalls over contamination, you understand why labs take this so seriously.
I’ve worked with purchasing teams that vet suppliers not just based on certificates, but also through audits. Auditors walk through the facility, check batch records, and examine how well companies document their quality control. GMP compliance isn’t a checkbox—each step gets logged to ensure every kilo matches those on-file specifications. That’s the basic requirement for audits under the EudraLex or FDA inspections.
One challenge is batch-to-batch variability. Lab managers tighten their incoming raw material testing, sometimes investing in rapid analysis methods to spot off-spec lots. Collaborations between buyers and suppliers also help—they share data, flagging trends early before a problem snowballs. Automation lowers the risk of human slip-ups in measurement or labeling. For global suppliers, investment in traceable digital batch records gives regulators more trust and slashes investigation times during complaints.
Ingredient quality ripples through safety, product stability, and regulatory standing. Patients and health professionals depend on the consistency that BP, EP, and USP standards enforce. Without them, risks climb and so do costs for everyone involved. Continuous improvement and real transparency in ingredient sourcing aren’t just buzzwords—they protect those who rely most on modern medicine.
Half oleic acid ester sorbitan, often recognized in the industry for its use as a surfactant, finds its way into pharmaceutical creams, ointments, and oral suspensions. It sits alongside ingredients like polysorbates and other emulsifiers, making it easier to blend oily and watery components. Its popularity comes from more than its technical properties; this ester sees decades of history in both drug and food formulations. That sort of lineage usually encourages confidence, especially in pharmaceutical contexts where patient safety comes first.
Not all half oleic acid ester sorbitan offers equal levels of safety. Labels like BP (British Pharmacopoeia), EP (European Pharmacopoeia), and USP (United States Pharmacopeia) pharma grade exist for a reason. Raw material quality, impurity levels, and manufacturing controls set these products apart from industrial or cosmetic grades. Pharma grade versions undergo stringent tests for contaminants such as heavy metals, residual solvents, and microbial load. Companies must show their sourcing and manufacturing processes meet global standards before a batch receives a stamp from the major pharmacopeias.
Doctors and pharmacists often rely on a solid track record. For half oleic acid ester sorbitan, plenty of published research, plus decades of use in prescriptions and over-the-counter therapies, shapes its safety reputation. Oral toxicity shows low risk at typical exposure levels. In creams, allergic reactions or skin irritations remain the exception, not the rule, and drug regulators keep a watchful eye through post-market reporting.
Patients rarely pay attention to an ingredient like this, focusing instead on active substances. From my years working alongside compounding pharmacists, I've seen firsthand how such excipients become almost invisible when they perform well and match global pharmacopoeia standards. Headaches arise only when people cut corners on sourcing or documentation. Pharma grade batches help shield patients and pharmacies alike from contamination risks.
Industries seek out pharma grade half oleic acid ester sorbitan to meet not just regulatory hurdles, but also to reassure both practitioners and end users. Testing requirements dive deep—acid value, peroxide content, storage stability, and identity by infrared spectroscopy all play a role. These aren't just academic checkboxes; failures here can trigger health risks or force recalls.
Problems surface if manufacturers try to save money by sourcing lower grades or skipping analysis. In rare cases, a poorly handled batch might bring in unwanted impurities. For patients with allergies or sensitivities, off-label sources might introduce new hazards. Regular regulatory inspections and documentation catch most risks, but diligence from pharmaceutical companies still matters every time a new source gets chosen.
Pharmacists and scientists carry responsibility beyond simply following recipes. Every new formula should include a review of excipient safety, considering patient populations, administration routes, and dose. Labeling transparency supports trust, and recall systems stand ready in case a problem arises. In practice, when sourced with care and documented under BP, EP, or USP standards, half oleic acid ester sorbitan continues to serve reliably. Long-term safety rests on strong supply chains, proper storage, and thoughtful risk assessment—a lesson that rings true not just with this additive, but across the wider field of pharmaceutical development.
Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan—often called Sorbitan Monooleate in the BP, EP, and USP pharma worlds—needs solid packaging to keep things safe and stable. From what I’ve seen in warehouse storerooms and labs, you won’t spot this material crammed into flimsy bottles. Bulk supplies typically show up in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) drums or food-grade steel containers, both designed to keep moisture, sunlight, and air away. The usual fill sizes run anywhere from 25-kilogram pails to 200-kilogram drums. These containers come sealed with tamper-evident closures. Some manufacturers even double up with sealed inner liners to keep things extra fresh and protected from cross-contamination.
I’ve carried and stored plenty of these drums—lifting isn’t for the faint of heart. They stack neatly and guard against the sort of everyday knocks and scuffs that happen in busy pharma supply rooms. No one wants residue or accidental spillage. Small, pharmaceutical research lots sometimes arrive in thick plastic bottles or glass jars, shrink-sealed for traceability. Either way, these companies stick lot numbers and production dates directly on the label. Pharmacies and QA staff appreciate this transparency, since it means keeping track of traceability takes less effort.
With pharma ingredients, one bad storage event can spoil a whole bunch of product. Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan attracts moisture, which leads to clumping or chemical changes. Even a quick hit of sunlight through a window—yes, I’ve had this happen—can start to break down the product’s delicate chemical bonds, creating an off-smell or shifting the color. These shifts risk failing pharmaceutical standards. Good packaging blocks out light and is airtight, which means you’re not gambling on the compound making it to the end of its shelf life in a usable state.
At every step, folks pack and label this material with both safety and compliance in mind. Quality control officers and regulatory agents check that containers stay intact, and that manufacturers follow rules outlined by pharmacopeias like BP, EP, and USP. There’s a real-world financial bite too; nobody wants to trash a full drum just because it picked up moisture or took on an unknown contaminant.
If you ask most pharmaceutical teams, they’ll tell you these esters clock in with a shelf life of around two years, sometimes three, as long as they sit in the right conditions: cool, dry, out of direct light. That’s not a number whipped up from nowhere. I’ve checked certificates of analysis and seen the expiry stickers matched to production batches. This two- to three-year window gives manufacturers and compounding pharmacies enough breathing room to schedule batches and reduce wastage.
Shorter shelf life sometimes comes up if the product gets stored outside factory recommendations—say, warehouses running hot or skipping dehumidifiers. No magic tricks can save a drum that’s spoiled by heat or water. I’ve seen site managers lose thousands of dollars because a shipment overheated in transit. Worse, surprise failures hurt drug makers at step one, throwing off their production runs.
Some improvements make a real difference. Simple tools like temperature and humidity monitoring in storage areas flag problems before things go bad. Direct training keeps staff sharp on handling and tracking expiry dates—no one wants to pull an overdue drum by accident. Since the right environment means everything, updated storage policies and regular audits keep everyone honest. Real-time barcode systems can track batches and prevent mix-ups, saving both time and money.
With Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan, solid packaging and a good storage plan aren’t just box-ticking exercises—they keep production reliable and drugs safe for patients down the line.
Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan, often found in pharmaceutical formulations, gives formulators a reliable emulsifier with known qualities. This compound comes with specific demands at every stage, from storage through handling. Overlooking these requirements does more than complicate workflow; it could threaten safety and product quality.
Experience with industrial excipients, especially those sensitive to both temperature and moisture, has taught me that conditions matter more than labels sometimes suggest. Keeping this substance in a tightly closed container blocks unwanted moisture from sneaking in. Pharmaceutical storage facilities stay in top shape by maintaining temperatures between 15°C and 25°C. Swinging outside this range increases the risk of hydrolysis, which can break down functional properties and create issues with batch consistency.
Many overlook the tendency for air and light to chip away at excipient quality. This is not just a storage headache—oxidation leads to unpredictable performance in sensitive formulations. That’s why dim, well-ventilated spaces serve as better choices for storing sensitive pharmaceuticals. Humidity brings another set of problems. In one project, I saw how failing to control humidity led to visible clumping that ruined an entire lot. Hygrometers and regular checks prevent these costly mistakes, keeping conditions steady all year.
Once it's time to handle Half Oleic Acid Ester Sorbitan, open containers only in clean, controlled environments. Wearing gloves and goggles becomes second nature—not only to meet regulations, but to keep skin clear of irritation that can build up over time. Eye irritation seems rare, but all it takes is a single drop in the wrong place to scramble the day. Clean clothing and consistent habits avoid track-in contamination from other workspaces.
I keep clean containers at hand, with clear labeling. Subtle errors pop up most often when workers skip labeling or mix utensils between batches. Once, a good batch of excipient turned useless because someone dipped a spatula used for a different product. That kind of avoidable cross-contamination quickly undermines trust and slows production. Regular cleaning of surfaces and tools in the work area goes further than simply keeping up appearances—it secures batches against risk.
Talking about safety includes people and the environment. If spills occur, prompt cleanup with absorbent material works better than waiting or using water, which can spread the product. Disposal demands special attention; follow local rules for pharma waste. Drains in the workspace should remain off-limits for any leftover sorbitan ester, as these substances don’t belong in water supplies. Employees benefit from refreshers on spill response and disposal procedures—too many jobs only mention safety at the start, then drift away from best practice over time.
Storage areas deserve periodic review. Record temperatures, check humidity, and confirm all products stay sealed and labeled. These steps support pharma regulations and build real trust with customers and auditors alike. Over years in labs and warehouses, I’ve found that simple routines—capping containers, managing air flow, and logging everything—carry more weight than advanced technology alone.
In the end, treating pharmaceutical excipients with care rewards everyone—from the technician filling the drums to the patients relying on finished medication. Responsible storage and thoughtful handling don’t add extra costs; they prevent bigger problems down the line, fostering products that deliver what they promise.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | (2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl (9Z)-octadec-9-enoate |
| Other names |
Sorbitan Monooleate Span 80 Sorbitan Oleate Monoolein Sorbitan Sorbitan Monooctadecanoate |
| Pronunciation | /hæf əʊˈliːɪk ˈæsɪd ˈɛstər sɔːˈbɪtæn biː piː iː piː juː ɛs piː ˈfɑːrmə ɡreɪd/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | ['1338-39-2'] |
| Beilstein Reference | Beilstein Reference 1785895 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:17855 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1506 |
| ChemSpider | 94752 |
| DrugBank | DB11101 |
| ECHA InfoCard | ECHA InfoCard: 03-2119956066-42-0000 |
| EC Number | 9005-64-5 |
| Gmelin Reference | 74184 |
| KEGG | C06007 |
| MeSH | Cohesive string response: "Sorbitan Esters, Oleic Acid, Excipients, Nonionic Surfactants, Drug Carriers, Emulsifying Agents |
| PubChem CID | 5280531 |
| RTECS number | WGK3 |
| UNII | NX9TTQ5S11 |
| UN number | UN3082 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID7036792 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C24H46O6 |
| Molar mass | 428.62 g/mol |
| Appearance | Light yellow to amber coloured oily liquid |
| Odor | Characteristic |
| Density | 1.07 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble in water |
| log P | 1.62 |
| Vapor pressure | Negligible |
| Acidity (pKa) | ~4.75 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 7.95 (pKb) |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.455 to 1.475 |
| Viscosity | 170 - 230 cP at 25°C |
| Dipole moment | 2.87 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 834.8 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -885.1 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | A06AD20 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | May cause mild skin and eye irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | GHS07, GHS08 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | No hazard statements. |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | NFPA 704: 1-1-0 |
| Flash point | > > "285°C |
| LD50 (median dose) | > 29,600 mg/kg |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL not established |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not established |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Sorbitan Monostearate Sorbitan Monooleate Sorbitan Monolaurate Sorbitan Monopalmitate Polysorbate 20 Polysorbate 60 Polysorbate 80 Oleic Acid |
Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
