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Looking at the history of Dl-A-Tocopherol, I’m reminded of how science marches on with patient steps. Synthetic vitamin E, known as Dl-A-Tocopherol, entered the scene in the mid-20th century when chemists realized extracting natural tocopherols at scale ran up costs and supply barriers. Researchers in Europe and North America threw ideas back and forth, boiling down plant oils, and worked to isolate, synthesize, and refine the vitamin’s activity. It didn’t take long before the pharmaceutical and food industries circled around the cost-controlled, shelf-stable version. Vitamin E’s rise matched the growing awareness of its biological role, especially as people demanded more from medicines and supplements. Regulatory standards came next, and by now, BP (British Pharmacopoeia), EP (European Pharmacopoeia), and USP (United States Pharmacopeia) have carved out requirements that production lines follow to the letter.
Dl-A-Tocopherol isn’t just a molecule on a label. Its status as "pharma grade" means purity, consistency, and verified production. The molecule, a synthetic version of alpha-tocopherol, delivers vitamin E in a form the human body recognizes even if it isn’t plucked from wheat germ oil or sunflower seeds. Manufacturers use it in oral or injectable pharmaceuticals, and the food industry leans on it as an antioxidant. There’s always a little debate about whether synthetic or natural works better, but the evidence shows both play their part, though the natural "d" form lingers longer in the body. Intake guidelines set by health authorities reflect risk-benefit thinking, recognizing how essential it is in everything from protecting cell membranes to keeping the immune system ticking.
Anyone who’s worked with Dl-A-Tocopherol knows it by its viscous, clear or slightly yellow oil. It doesn’t dissolve in water, but drop it in fats and it blends easily. Its melting point lands somewhere below room temperature, so bottles always pour thick. Chemical stability stands out most: this oil resists oxidation better than some of its vitamin siblings, which makes it reliable for storage and transport. The molecule carries a molecular formula of C29H50O2, and you’ll often see molecular weight listed right on the spec sheet. Its structure features a chromanol ring with a phytyl tail, lending it both antioxidant prowess and an affinity for fats.
Pharma grade Dl-A-Tocopherol comes with a tight spec—most buyers demand assay levels upwards of 96%, with controls on related substances, acidic or basic impurities, and heavy metal traces. Manufacturers stamp labels with batch numbers, CAS number (10191-41-0), shelf life, storage conditions—think cool and dark—and hazard precautions. Consistent labeling isn’t marketing fluff; it’s a nod to regulations and patient safety. Manufacturers turn in Certificates of Analysis with every lot, checked by both in-house and sometimes third-party labs, ensuring labs and pharmacies use what regulators inspect. The labeling language always reflects what the big three pharmacopeias ask for—no room for interpretation, just the facts.
To make Dl-A-Tocopherol on an industrial scale, chemists rely on condensation reactions between trimethylhydroquinone and phytol, resulting in a racemic mixture of the "d" and "l" forms. Production kicks off in stainless steel reactors, running under nitrogen and controlled heating. Careful monitoring—temperatures, reaction times, and pH—you learn that one misstep leads to degradation or off-target products. Purification takes as much attention as synthesis: crystallization steps, vacuum distillation, and solvent extraction. I’ve seen plants spend big on maintaining their columns, filters, and containment rooms to avoid cross-contamination and off-spec batches. In these facilities, quality management follows strict GMP systems.
The chemistry doesn’t stop at synthesis. Under harsh oxidation conditions, tocopherol oxidizes into quinones. Sometimes you’ll find esterified versions, such as alpha-tocopheryl acetate or succinate, masking the reactive hydroxyl for better stability in tablets or creams. These forms act as pro-vitamins in the body, releasing active tocopherol after metabolic transformation. In the lab, many researchers study conjugates or attach tocopherol to polymers or nanoparticles, chasing delivery systems that shuttle antioxidants deep into tissues or tumors. The versatility of the molecule’s chromanol ring opens the door to chemical modifications that extend shelf life, tailor solubility, or alter biological effects. This remains a lively area of chemical and pharmaceutical innovation.
Dl-A-Tocopherol has collected a roster of alternative names. Chemists call it “all-rac-alpha-tocopherol” when speaking about its racemic nature. Over in marketing, labels might use “synthetic vitamin E,” “all-rac-α-tocopherol,” or just “vitamin E.” References in regulatory documents list USAN, INN, and EINECS names. Drug bottles, supplement jars, and cosmetics share these synonyms, ensuring anyone referencing safety data sheets or pharmacopoeias lands on the right page. Knowing these synonyms proves handy for pharmacists or importers working cross-border supply chains, cutting confusion and avoiding regulatory snags.
Safety starts on the production floor. Dl-A-Tocopherol itself doesn’t pose high acute toxicity, but good manufacturing practice (GMP) calls for workers to suit up, keep workflows tight, and use goggles, gloves, and splash guards. Machines get regular checks for leaks and heritable contamination. Finished product lots require microbe counting before hitting the warehouse. I’ve noticed that companies investing in operator training and system modernization find fewer batch recalls and regulatory problems, and the trust from buyers stays strong. On the clinical side, pharma grade tocopherol enters sensitive formulations—IV mixtures, pediatric nutritionals—so trace contamination or labeling missteps can mean regulatory warnings or worse. Standard operating procedures, process validation, and checks on packaging all build up public trust and product safety.
The use of Dl-A-Tocopherol stretches into diverse fields. Drug manufacturers count on its stability as an active ingredient in oral capsules, oils, intravenous formulations, and injectables. Food technologists blend it into oils and processed foods, watching it slow rancidity and preserve sensory qualities. Cosmetics companies value its effect in creams, lotions, and serums—anti-aging claims often rest on its protective qualities. Veterinary products and animal nutrition add yet another layer of application. In dietary supplements, Dl-A-Tocopherol fills in for those with low dietary vitamin E intake or increased physiological need. It’s found in premixes, infant formulas, parenteral nutrition, even some specialized plant fertilizers. Each industry faces its own regulations and evidence demands, with quality controls adjusting accordingly.
Research around Dl-A-Tocopherol runs deep: biochemists probe its antioxidant effect in cell membranes, while clinical teams test its role in cardiovascular health, cancer prevention, and immune function. Many newer studies use it as a marker in oxidative stress assays or as a building block for drug delivery platforms. Nanotechnologists link tocopherol to biodegradable carriers to protect vulnerable drugs from harsh environments. Scientists also test different formulations to improve absorption, challenging old assumptions about bioavailability between natural and synthetic forms. Many projects focus on disease models—findings in diabetes, Alzheimer’s, and inflammatory diseases generate interest, but translation from lab bench to bedside goes slowly. Regulatory agencies keep a close eye on published data, updating guidance as new results land.
Toxicology studies show that David versus Goliath dosing matters—UL (upper limits) set by authorities generally place adult safety up to 1,000 mg per day from supplements without serious liver or clotting issues. Too much over time, though, and problems like impaired blood clotting surface, especially for those taking anticoagulant therapy. Animal studies report different NOAEL (no observed adverse effect levels), but species differences make cross-referencing a challenge. Developmental toxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive studies support the ingredient’s safety at intake levels found in pharmaceuticals and foods. Each regulatory cycle leads to refined risk assessments, and manufacturers working at pharma grade tally up the research in their regulatory filings. Periodically, case reports pop up documenting hypersensitivity, but these remain rare.
Future directions for Dl-A-Tocopherol lean toward smarter delivery and wider uses. Biotechnology now shapes vitamin E production with fermentative platforms, offering “greener” synthetic routes that sidestep petrochemicals and noisy chemical reactors. Advances in encapsulation and targeted drug delivery promise to improve uptake and make antioxidant therapy more reliable in diseases driven by free radicals. Researchers push for better understanding of gene-nutrient interactions and look for ways to tailor supplementation to those most at risk for deficiency. Big data analytics and health registries may shape personalized recommendations. At the same time, sustainability questions push chemical and pharmaceutical companies to update production lines for lower carbon footprints, waste minimization, and responsible sourcing. The continuing refinement of regulatory guidelines, real world monitoring, and innovation keep tocopherol important, not just as a molecule, but as a marker of how medicine, food, and manufacturing keep evolving together.
Pharma grade Dl-A-Tocopherol stands out as a reliable synthetic form of vitamin E. Unlike the natural variants found in almonds or sunflower seeds, this one gets crafted for strict quality demands in medications, supplements, and skincare. Nobody wants impurities sneaking into a heart pill or an eye cream, so manufacturers stick to global pharmacopeia standards such as BP, EP, and USP. These rules mean every batch passes purity checks, and patients know what they're swallowing or putting on their skin.
Most folks first hear about vitamin E in the context of “antioxidants.” That’s not just marketing spin. Vitamin E grabs onto the free radicals—rogue molecules that come from fried foods, air pollution, even excess sunlight—and keeps them from ruining healthy cells. A body that runs low on vitamin E starts seeing problems with muscles, nerves, even vision. For someone with a condition that makes absorption of nutrients tough, like cystic fibrosis or Crohn’s disease, doctors might turn to high-quality synthetic vitamin E. The synthetic form allows them to get the dose right and keep things consistent from month to month.
Medications don’t just show up as pills or syrups; they need a formula that won’t spoil or react with other ingredients. Dl-A-Tocopherol often works as a stabilizer for drugs that degrade with air and light. A blood thinner like warfarin, for example, can lose its punch if oxidation sets in. By adding a measured amount of pharma grade synthetic vitamin E, manufacturers can protect the active drug until it reaches someone’s bloodstream. It’s not about fancy chemistry—it’s about making pills do what the label promises every time.
Walk down any pharmacy aisle and shelves overflow with multivitamins—but not every label means safety and consistency. The synthetic Tocopherol grade with BP, EP, or USP stamp satisfies both supplement makers and regulators. Dietitians often look for these standards to guide patients with dietary restrictions, allergies, or absorption concerns. In countries where food fortification keeps childhood blindness or nerve damage at bay, big food companies will pick this grade to make sure a glass of orange juice or slice of bread actually provides a benefit. Safety checks matter at every link of the chain—from making sure teens don’t overdose, to checking for purity in prenatal supplements.
Skincare companies like using Dl-A-Tocopherol because it helps creams and lotions last on the shelf, and protects skin from stress like pollution or sunburn. Rashes, scars, and aging spots demand more than just good packaging—the ingredient list matters. Dermatologists spot patients with eczema and scars who turn to antioxidant creams, so high-purity Tocopherol becomes more than a marketing blurb. People trust what they put on their faces, so ingredient purity and traceability give peace of mind. The ingredient offers both protective qualities and peace of mind, especially for those with sensitive or compromised skin.
Trust comes from proof. Pharma grade Dl-A-Tocopherol produced under BP, EP, or USP rules faces independent lab tests for purity, potency, and contaminants. Traceability tracks each batch from factory to pharmacy shelf. Oversight groups set limits for heavy metals, solvents, and byproducts, so anyone picking up a supplement, ointment, or prescription drug can trust in its safety. Meeting these international benchmarks isn’t just red tape—it keeps hospitals and families using these products with confidence. The real challenge now is to keep costs reasonable so that everyone who benefits from this compound actually gets it. Better transparency, stronger regulations, and more investment in testing labs help close the gaps and ensure no corners get cut in the supply chain.
Dl-A-Tocopherol, typically known as synthetic Vitamin E, gets judged by its purity, potency, and compatibility for medicinal use. To meet British Pharmacopoeia (BP), European Pharmacopoeia (EP), and United States Pharmacopeia (USP) standards, this compound follows strict requirements. Companies and researchers call for consistency because patients count on safe, tested supplements and medicines. I’ve seen pharmaceutical scientists refuse a batch with even the slightest impurity. It’s not about being picky; it’s about trust in health products.
The main thing professionals look for is purity, which usually runs at a minimum of 96%—sometimes much higher, depending on the specific supplier. Pharma-grade Dl-A-Tocopherol appears as a clear, colorless to pale yellow, viscous oil. It shouldn’t have odors or odd colors, signs that something else got mixed in. The BP, EP, and USP all expect precise testing for related substances, so any other tocopherols or impurities stay below specified limits, commonly less than 1% total for secondary derivatives and a maximum of 0.5% for individual impurities.
Assay results matter too: USP and EP standards call for a potency of 96–102% of labeled content, based on the C29H50O2 structure. Moisture content must sit below 0.5%. Residual solvents, such as hexane or ethanol, need to fall below the pharmacopeias’ thresholds; I’ve watched analysts scan gas chromatograms for the smallest peaks indicating solvent remains. If those levels go unchecked, patients carry the risk, even when the initial dose looks fine.
Heavy metal testing might sound technical, but it’s about patient safety. Some producers cut costs and end up with trace contaminants. All reputable pharma-grade sources keep heavy metals, especially lead, under 10 ppm, and many test even lower. Microbial purity counts, too. No one in healthcare wants to gamble with endotoxins in oral or injectable vitamins. Labs run thorough checks—total viable aerobic count, yeast, and mold—expecting absence or levels below 100 cfu/g, depending on the standard used. These details mean something real in finished supplements and injectables.
Anytime a friend asks me whether a supplement brand is worth trying, my first question is: can they show you certificates of analysis, real ISO-accredited lab data, and pharmacopeial compliance? Blend that with third-party audit trails, and confidence goes up. In medicine, nobody wants uncertainty. Quality control at the lab means more than ticking boxes; mistakes here hurt real people. I’ve worked with quality assurance teams who train relentlessly, swabbing, double-checking, and running validation checks, so the rest of us don’t have to worry.
Staying ahead of the curve isn’t just about meeting today’s specs. Producers that invest in traceability systems, automated packaging that limits oxygen exposure, and cold-chain logistics often avoid oxidation problems and keep their tocopherol potent. Technology like FTIR or HPLC means chemists spot issues before the batch leaves the site. It’s not cheap or easy, but cutting these corners won’t win trust—or market licenses. Steady improvement in process controls, regular staff training, and rigorous documentation make the real difference between pharma grade and the rest.
Patients depend on strict standards for Dl-A-Tocopherol. Choices in lab practices and raw material sourcing affect every softgel or ampoule on pharmacy shelves. That’s why industry and regulators keep pushing for better oversight, clearer data, and tighter controls.
Dl-A-Tocopherol, commonly known as synthetic vitamin E, shows up in many pharmaceutical products. It acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect drugs from damage that can shorten their shelf life. Pharmaceutical manufacturers use ingredients that meet specific grade standards—BP (British Pharmacopoeia), EP (European Pharmacopoeia), and USP (United States Pharmacopeia)—to ensure purity and quality stay consistent.
Sourcing ingredients for medicines shouldn’t be a gamble. Pharmaceutical grade requirements set the bar high and hold companies responsible for testing and verifying their raw materials. If a batch of Dl-A-Tocopherol doesn’t hit purity marks—usually 96% or higher—the ingredient can't make its way into medicines. These standards are more than red tape: they protect patients from impurities that can sneak in during mass production. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Medicines Agency (EMA), and similar regulatory bodies keep tight oversight by running regular inspections and batch checks.
Long-running use also sheds light on Dl-A-Tocopherol’s safety. Decades of studies and real-world pharmacy experience show minimal health risks when sticking to approved dosages. Side effects, such as mild stomach upset, rarely force patients to turn away from prescribed medicines containing this vitamin E variant. In my own years working with medicine formulators, I’ve seen far more trouble caused by old-fashioned preservatives and unregulated substitutes than by this well-studied compound.
Pure Dl-A-Tocopherol means fewer unknowns in the mix. Contaminants in lower grades may look harmless at first but can spark allergies, interfere with active drug components, or weaken the final medicine. My early years at a compounding pharmacy taught me not to cut corners on quality. We learned—sometimes the hard way—that even tiny changes in an ingredient’s purity led to changes in how a medication performed. Sticking to pharmaceutical grades gives doctors and pharmacists confidence that each patient receives the same strength and the lowest risk of side effects.
Natural vitamin E and synthetic Dl-A-Tocopherol aren’t quite the same. Natural forms come with only one stereoisomer, while the synthetic version includes a mix. This changes how the body absorbs and uses the vitamin. Some sources suggest natural vitamin E could be preferable in nutritional supplements, but for drug preservation or stabilization, studies back the synthetic version’s performance and safety. Regulatory agencies accept synthetic vitamin E for use in drugs partly because its safety record holds up, especially at the concentrations used in medicines.
As new research emerges about excipients and additives, manufacturers need to keep an eye on trends and potential risks. Messaging around “natural” versus “synthetic” sometimes clouds the discussion. Practical experience and published data confirm that pharmaceutical grade Dl-A-Tocopherol—when tested and sourced from reputable suppliers—carries a strong track record of safety in pharmaceutical products. Greater transparency from producers and more traceability in the supply chain offer extra security. Companies that publish certificates of analysis and work with regulators set the foundation for trust.
Customers deserve full confidence in what goes into their medicines. Strong regulation, open industry practices, and constant scientific review all hold Dl-A-Tocopherol to high safety standards. The pharmaceutical field benefits most when companies, caregivers, and regulators work together, share information, and never settle for guessing games on quality. By sticking to pharma-grade requirements, the industry gives patients the best odds for safe, effective treatment every time they fill a prescription.
Dl-A-Tocopherol—often known as vitamin E—keeps drugs, supplements, and foods stable and safe. I’ve seen pharmaceutical facilities operate at their best and at their worst; mistakes count double in this field because poorly stored actives turn medicine ineffective or even dangerous. The science behind Dl-A-Tocopherol is clear: it’s a sensitive compound and quickly breaks down if not kept away from light, air, and heat.
At room temperature, this vitamin E can react with both oxygen and light, losing its potency. Containers can’t just be “good enough.” Companies working with Dl-A-Tocopherol use amber bottles or high-barrier drums, sealed as tight as possible. People often overlook humidity, but it ruins the powder and makes the oil sticky. Always store it in a dry room; that usually means putting it in a climate-controlled warehouse where the humidity rarely rises above 50 percent. Each batch arrives with paperwork, sure, but the true test comes down to regular room checks. Warehouses I’ve visited rely on both human checks and digital sensors—workers know moisture sneaks in through roof cracks and broken air conditioners.
Temperature control isn’t for show. Most manufacturers recommend storage between 15–25°C. Too warm, and Dl-A-Tocopherol oxidizes; too cold, and condensation slips in, inviting moisture as soon as the bottle opens. I’ve watched shipments go bad because someone set a pallet near a vent or window. These simple errors drive up costs and risk the release of underpowered medicines. Protecting product integrity means routine training: everyone on the warehouse floor knows to watch for failing air conditioning or a blocked vent.
Moving containers around sounds simple, but each move can expose Dl-A-Tocopherol to the air. Good practice keeps things fast—open the bottle, measure, reseal—without stopping to chat or check texts. Gloves and masks aren’t just rules—they stop dirt, sweat, and skin oils from hitting the product. I’ve seen handheld samplers and sealed transfer systems save entire batches that would have gone to waste after a spill or exposure. Smarter handling keeps recall rates low and trust high.
Training staff makes the biggest difference. A warehouse can install expensive locks, best-in-class climate systems, and automated lights, but without knowledgeable workers, rules get bent and shortcuts kill quality. Regular drills—like staged spill simulations—keep everyone familiar with proper procedures. Certificates from third-party inspectors usually motivate teams to stick to protocols because nobody in this industry wants to be the headline for a big recall.
Each pharmaceutical company should keep a tight log on storage conditions. Daily checks—machine and manual—show change over time. Bad trends get caught early. Labs use this record for every test and delivery. If a client asks for proof that the product stayed safe and potent, these records speak louder than any sales pitch.
Reliable storage and careful handling protect patients, keep regulators off your back, and build the kind of trust that no advertising campaign can fake. In pharmaceuticals, that’s the bottom line.Pharmaceutical companies rely heavily on global standards to verify both quality and safety. Dl-A-Tocopherol, a synthetic Vitamin E, finds its spot in supplements and drug formulations. Around the world, three benchmark pharmacopoeias set the rules: BP (British Pharmacopoeia), EP (European Pharmacopoeia), and USP (United States Pharmacopeia). These aren’t just paperwork—they keep batches consistent and help shield patients from dangerous impurities.
Anyone who’s worked in pharma knows a simple label—like “BP/EP/USP pharma grade”—doesn’t always guarantee quality. Inspecting the raw monographs, I’ve seen first-hand how strict the testing gets. For Dl-A-Tocopherol, each pharmacopeia checks core factors: purity (typically above 96% or 97%), identity, residual solvents, specific gravity, appearance, and heavy metals limits. The USP mark lays out clear assay methods using gas chromatography. The EP usually asks for infrared absorption and strict identification tests, flagging “only alpha-racemic content acceptable.” The BP often mirrors these rules with subtle differences in solvents that are permitted or in tolerances for certain impurities.
What jumps out from comparing these standards is that they’re not interchangeable—one batch might pass in one region but not another. For instance, in the last batch I reviewed, a product marked “USP” met all those specifics but came with a slightly higher ethyl acetate residue than EP would tolerate. That would put EU shipment on hold until remediation or additional purification. This catches many suppliers off guard when they make blanket claims about international compliance.
Labs can stumble if they use outdated versions of the pharmacopeias. Requirements shift year to year as global science evolves and new risks show up. There’s also the issue of documentation: my time auditing archives proved how often batches lacked proper chain of custody or clear certificates of analysis. It’s tempting for companies—especially those exporting worldwide—to stamp “BP/EP/USP” on packaging and hope it reassures buyers, but regulators have zero tolerance for errors. In 2022, the FDA issued import alerts on several “pharma grade” Vitamin E batches after identifying trace pesticide residues absent from official COAs.
A gold-standard Dl-A-Tocopherol relies on lots more than the grade in its name. Rigorous internal QC procedures, up-to-date reference standards, and skilled quality assurance teams make the difference. Regular third-party audits root out gaps early—especially for cross-border shipments. Manufacturers need to keep up with annual revisions, train staff on the differences between each set of requirements, and upgrade their documentation habits. It helps to work with suppliers who open their labs for on-site inspection and who provide full transparency on their COAs.
I find that those who see compliance as a living process—not a box-tick—consistently avoid recalls and regulatory issues. Keeping that attitude pays off, especially when patient safety and brand reputation are on the line.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | (±)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-6-chromanol |
| Other names |
All-rac-α-Tocopherol DL-alpha-Tocopherol Synthetic Vitamin E Tocopherol |
| Pronunciation | /ˌdiːˌelˌeɪ.təˈkɒfəˌrɒl/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 10191-41-0 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1913243 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:18145 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1125 |
| ChemSpider | 14806 |
| DrugBank | DB00163 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 07d98baf-6de5-456b-afde-d3c7b750d042 |
| EC Number | 200-412-2 |
| Gmelin Reference | 82137 |
| KEGG | C02477 |
| MeSH | D000428 |
| PubChem CID | 14985 |
| RTECS number | WG6TXI1VBL |
| UNII | 3QJ1I1758J |
| UN number | UN3077 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID8068761 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C29H50O2 |
| Molar mass | 430.71 g/mol |
| Appearance | Clear, yellow to pale yellow, viscous oil |
| Odor | Characteristic |
| Density | 0.950 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble in water |
| log P | 7.8 |
| Vapor pressure | Negligible |
| Acidity (pKa) | pKa ≈ 10.8 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 8.2 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.494 – 1.510 |
| Viscosity | Not less than 40 cSt at 40°C |
| Dipole moment | 3.45 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 796.3 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) of Dl-A-Tocopherol (Vitamin E) is: -647.8 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -10134 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | A11HA03 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | May cause eye, skin, and respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS08, Warning, H315, H319, H335, H361, P261, P280, P305+P351+P338, P337+P313 |
| Pictograms | GHS07, GHS08 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H319: Causes serious eye irritation. |
| Precautionary statements | P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P280, P370+P378 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | NFPA 704: 1-1-0 |
| Flash point | > 210°C |
| Autoignition temperature | 420°C |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Rat oral >7000 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | NIOSH: XVG630000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | 10 mg/m³ |
| REL (Recommended) | 2 mg/kg |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not established |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Vitamin E Alpha-Tocopherol Beta-Tocopherol Gamma-Tocopherol Delta-Tocopherol Tocopheryl Acetate Tocopheryl Succinate |
Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
