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Distearoyl Phosphatidylcholine, or DSPC, stands as a highly refined phospholipid widely used across various pharmaceutical and scientific settings. As a raw material, DSPC features in the production of liposome-based drug delivery systems and lipid nanoparticles. Its molecule consists of a glycerophosphocholine backbone with two saturated stearic acid chains attached, which gives it distinct properties essential in the stabilization and encapsulation of active pharmaceutical ingredients. In modern drug formulation, purity and consistency play huge roles. DSPC manufactured to BP (British Pharmacopoeia), EP (European Pharmacopoeia), and USP (United States Pharmacopeia) standards confirms its suitability for medicinal and research purposes, with each standard emphasizing strict thresholds for contaminants and physical attributes.
DSPC falls under the class of glycerophospholipids, displaying a molecular formula of C44H88NO8P. Each molecule contains a choline group linked to phosphate, a glycerol backbone, and two stearic acid residues (18:0). The full structure holds together through ester bonds, and its saturated tails drive pronounced hydrophobicity and a high phase transition temperature. This creates a stable backbone for constructing liposome vesicles, even at physiological temperatures. The weight of each molecule reaches about 790.2 g/mol, which directly affects its behavior in solution and as a raw material. Chemical suppliers use the HS Code 2923.20 for DSPC, which designates this product in customs and regulatory documentation for international shipment. Chemical identity remains consistent thanks to rigorous manufacturing processes aligned with BP, EP, and USP standards.
DSPC appears as a white to off-white solid, usually processed as flaky, granular, or powdered forms. In certain supply chains, DSPC also arrives as pearls or compressed tablets, making handling easier. Density sits around 1.03 g/cm3 at room temperature, though storage and packaging methods maintain integrity and shelf life. The substance resists water, instead forming bilayers or vesicles when hydrated, a property that drug developers often leverage in practice. DSPC melts at about 55–60°C, reflecting its high content of saturated fatty acids. Solid at room temperature, the material can be solubilized in suitable organic solvents, such as chloroform or ethanol, or formulated into aqueous dispersions. Scientists and technical personnel notice right away that DSPC forms a waxy solid, stiff to the touch and distinctly crystalline under magnification.
Pharmaceutical manufacturing turns to DSPC to craft stable liposome carriers, vaccine adjuvants, and lipid-based therapeutics. These applications rely on the unique biophysical characteristics of the molecule—rigidity, stable bilayer formation, and resistance to oxidative breakdown. Formulators look at specific ratios of DSPC with other phospholipids to tune vesicle rigidity, permeability, and drug release profile. The precise character of BP, EP, and USP grades supports vaccine platforms, mRNA delivery, and targeted therapies. Any deviation from specification risks failure in pharmaceutical quality control, so DSPC from regulated supply chains represents a key regulatory checkpoint. The widespread transition of modern vaccines towards lipid nanoparticle delivery systems has only increased the demand for ultra-pure DSPC, highlighting its embeddedness in current biomedical innovation.
Strict protocols surround the handling and transport of DSPC in industrial and research environments. The chemical profile of DSPC limits acute toxicity, reducing health and environmental hazards compared to some other phospholipids. Inhalation or skin exposure poses limited risk in a well-managed lab, though as with all powdered materials, dust generation should be avoided and personnel should wear protective equipment. Storage in tightly sealed containers away from light and moisture keeps the material stable. Even though DSPC doesn’t rank as a hazardous chemical by typical regulatory standards, individuals benefit from consulting the Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for comprehensive safety guidance. Training in the safe weighing, mixing, and disposal procedures protects both workers and end-users, particularly because pharmaceutical products must meet strict hygiene and purity requirements.
Dissolving DSPC depends greatly on the choice of solvent and the temperature. Aqueous dispersion usually requires heating and mechanical agitation to form uniform liposomes or multilamellar vesicles. In the realm of injectable drug products, solubilizing DSPC demands precision, and solution concentrations adjust based on the desired particle size and charge. Bulk shipments may arrive as dry solid for onsite preparation, or in exceptionally sensitive cases as pre-made dispersions. Materials scientists and pharmaceutical engineers look for that clean, crisp transition between solid and fully dispersed state, a quality mark directly impacted by DSPC's purity and batch consistency. As the product enters the global distribution stream, documentation uses the HS Code to track and monitor each transfer, linking every batch to stringent QC data.
DSPC, manufactured and supplied to BP, EP, and USP specifications, plays a vital role in drug development, vaccine formulation, and biomedical research. The value matches its complexity—every gram signifies hours of quality control, exacting physical parameters, and the relentless pursuit to meet or surpass regulatory standards. By understanding its structure, physical form, and molecular properties, professionals across life science fields secure better outcomes for new medicines and therapies. There’s no shortcut around quality; only rigorous adherence to specification grants companies access to global markets and allows researchers to advance treatments that depend on predictable, clean, and safe phospholipid raw materials like DSPC.
Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
