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This substance turns up on lists under multiple pharma monographs, including BP, EP, and USP, because it serves as a reliable foundation in active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) manufacturing. Chemists know it best as a key intermediate, often vital for the synthesis of peptide-based drugs and specialized therapeutic agents. In industry labs, its presence comes marked by strict quality requirements, given the impact on downstream safety and consistency in finished products.
Catching attention immediately, the chemical structure stands out: a methylpent-2-enoic acid backbone, modified with a biphenyl group and a tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc)-protected amino function. This kind of design lets it slot neatly into coupling reactions during peptide synthesis, especially in chiral, enantioselective contexts. Its formula, C23H27NO4, brings a molecular weight of about 381.46 g/mol by calculation. Crystallographers spot its double bond in (E) configuration and (R) absolute stereochemistry at the reactive carbon. These details turn out essential, since stereoselectivity drives biological activity in pharmaceuticals.
Scientists handling this compound in the lab often meet it as a white to off-white powdered solid. With a melting point usually above room temperature—somewhere in the 120–140°C range, depending on tightness of manufacturing—storage and transport stay manageable without extra cooling. Density clocks in around 1.2–1.3 g/cm³, which helps with dosing accuracy for solid formulations and makes bulk handling less messy than some low-density powders. As a raw material, it’s usually offered as free-flowing flakes or pearl-like granules, which keep down the dust risk, especially during weighing and transfer stages. No volatility worries here—the substance holds up well at ambient conditions, retaining its crystalline stability unless exposed to excess moisture or acids, which break down that protective Boc group.
Safety data highlight the need for good bench skills: it’s not volatile or dangerously flammable, so explosion scenarios seem unlikely under standard chemical handling. The main risk comes from skin and eye contact since Boc-amino acids sometimes provoke mild irritation. On a more serious note, if handled in industrial quantities, operators should remember that dust can cause respiratory discomfort, especially with repeated exposure. Chemical safety goggles, gloves, and dust masks keep accidents in check. Spillage rarely presents environmental problems, but waste solutions should still go through proper chemical disposal streams, not down municipal drains.
Neither a classed carcinogen nor a heavy-hitter in acute toxicity rankings, this compound doesn’t call for the same warning bells as strong oxidizers or corrosives. Still, like many organic acids and amines with synthetic modifications, ingestion and high-level exposure can bring health consequences—nausea, headaches, or worse in rare allergy-prone individuals. Good ventilation, simple PPE, and careful cleaning routines have always kept incident rates low in my experience, even during scale-up or kilo-lab production runs.
Whenever you see the BP, EP, USP labels linked to an amino acid derivative, it means compendial standards back up claims of purity and identity. This material undergoes HPLC purity checks that must not dip below 98% to pass pharma requirements. Water content stays below 0.5%, according to typical Karl Fischer titrations, ensuring less risk of hydrolysis and greater stability during storage. Assay results by NMR, FTIR, and chiral chromatography confirm both the chemical identity and stereochemical purity, which makes a difference for anyone pushing toward GMP-compliant synthesis and regulatory submission. Professionals expect COA support with each batch—hard numbers for melting point, elemental analysis, and enantiomeric excess test results.
International trade depends on the right Harmonized System code for customs and tariffs. Chemicals like this one fall in the catchall for modified amino acids under HS Code 292249, marking it for regulatory tracking as a raw material in pharmaceuticals or fine chemicals. This classification clarifies its intended use and helps distributors and customs brokers streamline paperwork for cross-border shipping. Proper documentation includes safety and technical data, which prevents regulatory holdups at port or during audit reviews.
Basic ingredients feeding into the synthesis include protected amino acids, biphenyl compounds, and reagents for enantioselective transformations—a textbook example where raw material quality ripples downstream. If impurities or issues creep in, you see it show up in your final assay or stability studies. Years spent managing procurement taught me that trusted suppliers—not necessarily the lowest bidders—bring higher returns over time. Supplier audits, third-party verification, and batch-to-batch consistency checks matter more than price wars.
Site managers who want safer handling and better batch returns lean on closed containment systems, keeping the powder exposure down, especially in high-volume blending. Some facilities automate weighing and transfer steps to reduce direct contact. In moisture-prone climates, investing in dehumidified storage saves frustration later—the material stays free-flowing and doesn’t clump, making it less likely to jam pneumatic transfer lines or weighing hoppers. Prompt clean-up, spill drills, and regular staff training keep small mistakes from turning into lost batches. Also, staying close to regulatory changes—both about synthesis routes and downstream traceability—avoids compliance surprises that can disrupt production schedules.
Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
